D the university of texas at tyler may 20 the potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli is an emerging pest of solanacious crops. The potato psyllid seems to be adapted for warm, but not hot. Bactericera cockerelli apparently does not occur in the eastern states of the usa. Insecta, hemiptera, psylloidea, triozidae common names. Experiments were conducted to elucidate the association between the psyllid bactericera cockerelli sulc homoptera. Liberibacter solanacearum in potatoes in new zealand. Pdf bactericera paratrioza cockerelli sulc hemiptera. This standard describes a diagnostic protocol for candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, and for its detection in the psyllid vectors bactericera cockerelli, trioza apicalis and bactericera trigonica. Psyllidae are vectors of candidatus liberibacter spp. The biology of fungi, bacteria and viruses stevenson, g. Genetic differentiation between eastern populations and recent introductions of potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli into western north america. Bactericera cockerelli, candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, haplotype a, haplotype b. Diagnostic protocol for the detection of the tomato potato.
Zebra chip plant symptoms resemble those caused by potato purple top and psyllid yellows diseases. Triozidae and candidatus liberibacter solanacearum in potatoes in new zealand. Thomas kl, jones dc, kumarasinghe lb, richmond je, gill gsc, bullians ms 2011. Bactericera cockerelli feeding and pathogen candidatus liberibacter solanacearum infection. Bactericera cockerelli, also known as the potato psyllid, is a species of psyllid native to. Its range extends from central america north to the american pacific northwest and parts of manitoba. Forister ml, wilson js 20 the population ecology of novel plantherbivore. Whenever the infestation reaches an alarming level, such as 510 psyllids per plant before the middle of july, 23 additional applications should be made at 10day intervals. How vector sex influences lso transmission has not been yet elucidated. Quantifying the risk of tomatopotato psyllid tpp eggs, nymphs or adults on capsicum fruit based on leaf infestation levels the presence of tomatopotato psyllid tpp. Potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera. How climate influences the biology and behaviour of phyllophaga capillata coleoptera. As adults, they are black, but can demonstrate variation in color and some.
Introduction tomato potato psyllid tpp, bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera, triozidae, is a major pest of solanaceous crops e. A field trial to assess damage by bactericera cockerelli to early potatoes at pukekohe. Bactericera cockerelli bactericera cockerelli 20801 00. The rapidly expanding geographical distributions of these diseases dictate increasing urgency for their control. Bactericera cockerelli is found primarily on plants within the family. As its name suggests, it is commonly found on potato and tomato crops. Potatopsyllidsbactericera cockerelli are phloem feeding pests of solanaceous plants, such as potatoes, tomatoes, peppers, and have become a major limiting factor in the production of potatoes in both central and north america cnas 2006. The potatotomato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli transmits the bacterium candidatus liberibacter solanacearum, also known as ca. Seasonal occurrence of potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli mdpi. The psyllids diaphorina citri kuwayama and bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera. Four genetic haplotypes of the psyllid have been identified in north america.
Seasonal occurrence and abundance of the potato psyllid. Studies on the biology of paratrioza cockerelli sulc. First, honeydew accumulation in some crops, especially pepper, results in sooty mold that interferes with photosynthesis and can contaminate the fruit. Ecology and management of bactericera cockerelli and.
In this study, we evaluated volatile organic compound voc emissions from the headspace in three healthy varieties of. Initially, following the final nymphal molt, postteneral b. Triozidae, is a severe pest of potatoes in central and north america, and most recently in new zealand cranshaw, 1994. Bactericera cockerelli is found primarily on plants within the family solanaceae, but also attacks, and reproduces and develops on, a variety of cultivated and weedy plant species essig 1917, knowlton and thomas 1934, pletsch 1947, jensen 1954, wallis 1955, including crop plants such as the potato solanum tuberosum, tomato solanum lycopersicon, pepper capsicum annuum, and eggplant solanum melongena, and noncrop species such as nightshade solanum spp. Here we report the probing behaviours of male and female. Bactericera cockerelli an overview sciencedirect topics. Develop your research emphasis in any of these areas of study. Biology and management provides a comprehensive source of uptodate scientific information on the biology and management of insects attacking potato crops, with an international and expert cast of contributors providing its contents. Biology, transmission, and implications for management. Walker gp, macdonald fh, puketapu aj, fergusson ha, connolly pg, wright pj, anderson jad 2012. Chemical ecology sex attraction in bactericera cockerelli. Genetic variation in bactericera cockerelli hemiptera. The potatotomato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera.
It is restricted to the western part of the continent. The emphasis of this investigation is on the biological rather than on the plant protective side. Populationdynamics introduction zebra chip, an important and emerging disease of potato, solanum tuberosum l. The psyllid bactericera cockerelli was first reported in new zealand in 2006 and spread quickly throughout all potato growing regions. Assessing the likelihood of transmission of candidatus. General information about bactericera cockerelli parzco eppo global database. Among these pests is tomatopotato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera. This study provides a protocol for rapid dna isolation from psyllid vectors bactericera cockerelli and diaphorina citri that can be used directly with dnabased methods for the detection of candidatus ca. Monitoring bactericera cockerelli and its associated insect populations in potatoes in south auckland. The tomato potato psyllid tpp, bactericera cockerelli, is a psyllid native to.
There have been no studies addressing the effect of the. Feedingdisruptionofpotatopsyllid, bactericera cockerelli. Effects of host plant on development and body size of. Spiromesifen is an insecticide that inhibits the synthesis of lipids and, in mexico, its use against the tomatopotato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulc, on chili pepper capsicum annum, tomato lycopersicon sculentum and potato solanum tuberosum began in 2005. In normal years one or two applications of 5% ddt dust against colorado and flea beetle will keep the psyllid in check. In 1910, crawford erected a new psyllid genus paratrioza crawford, 1910 and trioza cockerelli was assigned to this genus in 1911 crawford. It now has been repeatedly demonstrated that transmission of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum by the. Bactericera cockerelli on export capsicum fruit can cause market access issues resulting in costly methyl bromide fumigation, which can significantly reduce outturn. Plant molecular biology in revision book chapter 2 f. Variation of candidatus liberibacter solanacearum haplotype c and identification of a novel.
Bactericera cockerel li, also known as the potato psyllid, is a species of psyllid native to southern north america. Potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli is one of the most important pests in potatoes solanum tuberosum l. Chemical ecology sex attraction in bactericera cockerelli hemiptera. Zc is caused by a liberibacter associated with the tpp. Ut tyler department of biology university of texas at tyler. This chapter describes the pest status and biological control parasitoids, predators and pathogens of b. Methods for rapid and effective pcrbased detection of. Sexspecific probing behaviour of the carrot psyllid.
Psyllidae and zebra chip by exposing clean potato plants to this insect under greenhouse and field conditions. Effects of bactericera cockerelli herbivory on volatile. Lifehistory studies showed that eggs are laid on both surfaces of the leaves, especially young apical ones, along. State key laboratory for biology of plant diseases and insect pests, institute of.
In carrots, this pathogen is transmitted by the psyllids bactericera trigonica and trioza apicalis. This bacterium is transmitted to solanaceous species by potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli, and to apiaceae by carrot psyllids, including trioza apicalis and bactericera trigonica. Weather is an important element influencing the biology of b. Therefore, it is important to gain a full understanding of the psyllid digestive system.
Flonicamid is a novel systemic compound with activity on hempiteran pests such as. Bactericera cockerelli is a pest for three distinct reasons. Nhbs daniel burckhardt, verlagskg wolf formerly westarp wissenschaften. Potential distribution and the risks of bactericera cockerelli. Toxicity of spiromesifen to the developmental stages of. Novel candidatus liberibacter species identified in the australian.
Department of primary industries and regional developments agriculture and food division is committed to growing and protecting was agriculture and food sector. Assessment of susceptibility to zebra chip and bactericera. Abstract candidatus liberibacter solanacearum lso is a pathogen of solanaceae but also causes serious physiological disorders in carrots and celery apiaceae. Psyllid bactericera cockerelli lifestages identification. The potato psyllid feeds directly on potato plants causing signi. Traditionally their range expanded from guatemala north. The potato psyllid, paratrioza cockerelli sulc, its. Department of agriculture, agricultural research service, 5230 konnowac pass rd. Investigation into the entry pathway for tomato potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli.
This pest can cause damage to crop plants by direct feeding and, as has been recently discovered, by transmitting the bacterial pathogen candidatus liberibacter psyllaurous a. Assessment of tomato potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli hemiptera. Identifying and understanding the genetic determinants, which give rise to intrinsic and acquired antimicrobial resistance in the highly virulent superbug pseudomonas aeruginosa. Liberibacter solanacearum, the bacterial causal agent of potato zebra chip disease and eventually for ca.
A brief history on the taxonomy and nomenclature of bactericera cockerelli was recently provided by butler and trumble 2012 b. Dukas r 2008 evolutionary biology of insect learning. Three of these haplotypes central, western, and northwestern are common on potato crops within the major potatogrowing regions of. Bactericera cockerelli sulc, tomatopotato psyllid hemiptera. Triozidae, is an economic pest of solanaceous crops in north and central america, and in new zealand. Five haplotypes of lso have so far been described, two are associated with solanaceous species and potato psyllids, whereas the other three are associated with. Potato psyllid bactericera cockerelli is one of the most important pests in. Range expansion, candidatus liberibacter solanacaerum detection, and microbial community analysis alex arp thesis chair.
The potato psyllid, bactericera cockerelli sulc hemiptera. Triozidae has been a major pest of solanaceous crops for decades. Bactericera cockerelli is found primarily on plants within the family solanaceae, but also attacks, and reproduces and develops on, a variety of cultivated and weedy plant species essig 1917, knowlton and thomas 1934, pletsch 1947, jensen 1954, wallis 1955, including crop plants such as the potato solanum tuberosum, tomato solanum. During the last three seasons a few areas in utah have been affected by yellows disease r. Tomatopotato psyllid tpp bactericera cockerelli was first identified in new zealand in 2006 and has caused major problems for the potato industry, particularly in the north island. Pm 7143 1 candidatus liberibacter solanacearum 2020.